Magnesium Deficiency and Mortaliy in ICU Patients
Magnesium and ICU
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https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13315541Keywords:
Hypomagnesemia, intensive care unit, mortality, acute kidney injuryAbstract
Background: Magnesium plays a critical role in numerous physiological processes, including electrolyte balance, cellular function, and modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation. Hypomagnesemia is prevalent among intensive care unit (ICU) patients and has been associated with adverse outcomes. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of hypomagnesemia in a Turkish ICU cohort and its association with all-cause mortality.
Methods: This retrospective single-center study was conducted at Karabuk State Hospital, Department of ICU from January 2018 to June 2018. Data were extracted from local hospital software. Adult patients (>17 years) with longer than 24 hours of ICU stay were included. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected, including serum magnesium, C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, and creatinine levels. Hypomagnesemia was defined as serum magnesium levels <1.7 mg/dL. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 21.
Results: A total of 119 patients were included, with a mean age of 69.63±14.02 years. Hypomagnesemia was observed in 68.0% of patients upon ICU admission. Survivors (n=82) were younger than nonsurvivors (n=37) (p=0.003). Lower magnesium (p=0.023) and albumin (p=0.023) levels and higher CRP levels (p=0.043) were noted in nonsurvivors. The presence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and heart failure (HF) was significantly higher in nonsurvivors (p<0.001). Univariate analysis showed that only AKI had a significant impact on mortality (p=0.012, OR=1.689).
Conclusion: Hypomagnesemia is highly prevalent among ICU patients and is associated with increased mortality, particularly in the presence of AKI. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring and managing magnesium levels in ICU patients to improve outcomes. Further research with larger, multicenter trials is needed to establish definitive guidelines for magnesium supplementation in critically ill patients.
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