Open Access Policy

This journal is a fully open-access publication and has been open access since its first issue. All content is freely available to the user and/or their institution without any financial, legal, or technical barriers. Articles are accessible immediately upon publication and can be read, downloaded, copied, distributed, printed, searched, indexed, linked to full-text, or used for any other lawful purpose without requesting prior permission from the publisher or the authors.

This open access policy is in full compliance with the Budapest Open Access Initiative (BOAI), which defines open access as the free availability of scholarly literature on the public internet, permitting any users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles.

All articles are published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which allows for unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

The journal does not charge any article submission or processing fees (APCs). This ensures that there are no economic barriers to authorship or readership and supports the equitable dissemination of knowledge.