Are Allergic Diseases a Risk Factor for Systemic Side Effects After COVID-19 Vaccines?
COVID-19 and Vaccines
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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10656636Keywords:
COVID-19, CoronaVac, Pfizer-BioNTech, vaccine side effects, allergiesAbstract
Background/Aim: In clinical trials of currently-approved COVID-19 vaccines, patients with a known allergy or a history of anaphylaxis were excluded from the studies. This situation creates doubts about the risk and type of side effects of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with allergic diseases. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate local side effects (LSE) and systemic side effects (SSE) after COVID-19 vaccines in patients with allergic diseases and to determine possible risk factors.
Methods: Between April 1, 2021 and September 30, 2021, 648 adult patients who received any COVID-19 vaccines were included in this case-control retrospective study.
Results: Six hundred forty-eight adult patients [Female: 446 (68.8%), Male: 202 (32.2%)] participated in the study. After the 1st dose of COVID-19 vaccine, 24.1% of patients reported SSE. After the 2nd dose of COVID-19 vaccines, 67 patients (12.3%) developed SSE. Female gender (OR: 1.757, 95%Cl: 1.143-2.702, p: 0.010), history of previous COVID-19 infection (OR: 1.762, 95%Cl: 1.068-2.906, p: 0.026), and COVID-19 vaccine type administered (OR: 4.443, 95% CI: 2.640-7.476, p<0.001) were found to be independent risk factors for SSE after COVID-19 vaccines. Premedication (OR: 0.454, 95% Cl: 0.281-0.733, p<0.001), was found to be a protective factor for SSE developing after COVID-19 vaccines.
Conclusion: Systemic side effects against CoronaVac and Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines are very low. Patients with allergic disease do not have an increased risk for SSE that may develop after COVID-19 vaccines. Moreover, doubts or fears about possible side effects in the allergic patient group should not be an obstacle to COVID-19 vaccination.
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